Friday, November 10, 2017

CBSE PORTAL : (Download) CBSE Class-12 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : Biotechnology

CBSE PORTAL : (Download) CBSE Class-12 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : Biotechnology

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(Download) CBSE Class-12 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : Biotechnology

Posted: 10 Nov 2017 02:53 AM PST

(Download) CBSE Class-12 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : Biotechnology

 

SECTION A

 

1.

“cos” sites are important for packaging DNA into phage head.

1

2.

Protein Efficiency Ratio

 

PER is used as a measure of growth expressed in terms of weight gain of an adult by consuming1g of food protein.

½

 

½

3.

The bond strength decreases due to the insulating properties / dielectric strength of

water.

1

4.

Gene is transferred with the help of tiny vesicles of bipolar phospholipids that  fuse with

 

the cell membrane, releasing the DNA into the cytoplasm.

1

5.

Rous and Jones.

1

6.

 

BAC

YAC

Effective in Bacteria

Effective in Yeast

It has genes for maintenance and replication of F-factor

It has telomere, centromere and ARS from yeast chromosome

Can accommodate up to 300kb of DNA

can be used for cloning DNA upto 1 MB in size.

(Any two)

 

 

 

½

 

 

½

 

SECTION B

 

7.

Tissue engineering :Naturally derived or synthetic materials may be engineered into

"scaffolds" that when implanted in the body could provide a template that allows the

body’s own cells to grow and form new tissues

Such implants could function without triggering immune responses.

Genetically-modified animals may also provide a source of cells, tissues, and organs for xenografts

1

 

 

 

½

 

 

½

 

8.

Metagenomics approach  has been developed to identify and select microbial genes

synthesizing  novel  molecules.  This  approach  directly  utilizes  the  large  number  of microbial genomes present in an environmental niche, for example in soil, in water such as ocean or in human gut. These genomes are contributed by both the culturable and the non-culturable variety of microbes and  together constitute what has been termed as metagenome

The  collective  DNA  is  extracted  from  a  sample  of  soil,  water  or  any  other environmental   niche.    It   is   subjected   to   restriction   digestion   using   restriction endonucleases and the fragments are cloned into suitable vectors. The clones are then screened for presence of a variety of molecules.

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

9.

Plant regeneration pathways

The plants can be regenerated by either organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis.

Organogenesis means formation of organs like shoots from the cultured explants .Miller and Skoog experimentally proved that formation of  shoot or root first on the cultured tissue depends on the relative concentration of auxin and cytokinin. If auxins are high in the medium, then it promotes rooting while if cytokinins are high, shoot formation is promoted.

In somatic embryogenesis, the totipotent cells may undergo embryogenic pathway to form  somatic  embryos  ,which  can  be  grown  to  regenerate  into  complete  plants. Generally, somatic embryos  resemble the zygotic embryos (seed embryos) except in their place of origin and larger size. For the first time, Steward in 1958 and Reinert in 1959 independently reported the somatic embryogenesis from carrot cultures.

 

1

 

 

 

1

10

.

1. Transformation  : In this technique. we put the recombinant DNA in the medium having host cells .Host cells will uptake the desired DNA provided the host cells are competent .If they are not competent , we make them competent by treating it with the cold calcium chloride.

Mandel and Higa proposed the technique in 1970.

2.Trasfection : The desired DNA  is mixed with the cationic liposome’s or dextran and

layered on the host cells and is then taken inside by the host cells.

3.Electroporation :We pass electricity of desired voltage through the culture of the cells resulting in transient ( temporary ) pores in the cell membrane and through these pores DNA  enters.

1

 

 

 

 

1

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(Download) CBSE Class-12 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : Biology

Posted: 10 Nov 2017 02:36 AM PST

(Download) CBSE Class-12 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : Biology

General Instructions:
1. There are a total of 26 questions and five sections in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
2. Section A contains question number 1 to 5, Very Short Answer type questions of one mark each.
3. Section B contains question number 6 to 10, Short Answer type I questions of two marks each.
4. Section C contains question number 11 to 22, Short Answer type II questions of three marks each.
5. Section D contains question number 23, Value Based Question of four marks.
6. Section E contains question number 24 to 26, Long Answer type questions of five marks each.
7. There is no overall choice in the question paper, however, an internal choice is provided in one question of two marks, one question of three marks and all three questions of five marks. An examinee is to attempt any one of the questions out of
the two given in the question paper with the same question number.

Section – A

1. A tissue, of a tobacco plant, infected with TMV was used to obtain a new plant. Identify the technique used and reason out the possibility of obtaining a new healthy plant. 1
2. State a method of cellular defense which works in all eukaryotic organisms 1
3. In case of an infertile couple, the male partner can inseminate normally but the mobility of sperms is below 40 percent. Which kind of ART is suitable in this situation to form an embryo in the laboratory conditions, without involving a donor? 1
4. Write the two components of the first artificial recombinant DNA molecule constructed by Cohen and Boyer.1
5. A cross was carried out between two pea plants showing the contrasting traits of height of the plant. The result of the cross showed 50% of parental characters. Name the type of cross. 1

Section B

6. The alarming population growth is leading to scarcity of basic requirements. Suggest with reasons, any two population control measures other than contraception to address the situation.

7. During a cytological study conducted on the chromosomes of the insects, it was observed that only 50% of the sperms had a specific structure after spermatogenesis. Name the structure and write its significance in sex determination of insects.2
8. To reduce the percentage of population suffering from hunger and malnutrition, microbes are grown on a large scale to act as food supplements. Mention any two microbes used as food supplement and suggest their role.
OR
Success rate of artificial insemination in cattle is fairly low. Identify any other technique to improve the successful production of hybrids. State two advantages of this technique. 2
9. (a) A patient who had an organ transplant was given cyclosporin– A. Mention the microbial source and state the reason for administration of this bioactive molecule.
(b) Bottled fruit juices bought from the market are clearer as compared to those made at home. Give reason. 2
10. Evaluate the effect of loss of biodiversity in a region. Mention any four such effects. 2

Section C

11. Draw the diagram of microsporangium of an Angiosperm and label any four parts State the function of its innermost wall layer. 3
12. Give reason : -
(a) A liverwort plant is unable to complete its life cycle in a dry environment.
(b) Number of male gametes produced is much more than the female gametes produced.
(c) Organisms exhibiting external fertilization show great synchrony between the sexes and release a large number of gametes into surrounding medium. 3
13. (a) Name the different gases contained in the flask used as an experimental setup by S.L. Miller.
(b) On the basis of composition of gases in this experiment, what was the condition in the flask?
(c) Write the conclusion drawn from this experiment. 3
14. When a snapdragon plant bearing pink colour flower was selfed, it was found that, 69 plants were having red coloured flowers. What would be the number of plants bearing pink flower and white flower. Show with the help of Punnett square. Identity the principle of inheritance involved in this experiment

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(Download) CBSE Class-12 Sample Paper 2017-18 : Arabic

Posted: 10 Nov 2017 12:32 AM PST

(Book) Guinness World Records 2018

Posted: 09 Nov 2017 11:51 PM PST

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Book Details:

Publisher: Penguin

By: Guinness

Year: 2018

Language: English

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(Download) CBSE Class-10 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : English Language And Literature

Posted: 09 Nov 2017 11:16 PM PST

(Download) CBSE Class-10 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 :

English Language And Literature

SECTION - A
READING – 20 marks

Q1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Necessity is indeed the mother of invention. When areas in and around Leh began to experience water shortages, life didn’t grind to a halt. Why? Because Chewang Norphel, a retired civil engineer in the Jammu and Kashmir government came up with the idea of artificial glaciers.
2. Ladakh, a cold desert at an altitude of 3,000-3,500 metres above sea level, has a low average annual rainfall rate of 50mm. Glaciers have always been the only source of water.Agriculture is completely dependent on glacier melt unlike the rest of river/monsoon-fed India. But over the years with increasing effects of climate change, rainfall and snowfall patterns have been changing, resulting in severe shortage and drought situations. Given the severe winter conditions, the window for farming is usually limited to one harvest season.
3. It is located between the natural glacier above and the village below. The one closer to the village and lowest in altitude melts first, providing water during April/May, the crucial sowing season. Further layers of ice above melt with increasing temperature thus ensuring continuous supply to the fields. Thus, farmers have been able to manage two crops instead of one. It costs about Rs.1,50,000 and above to create one.
4. Fondly called the “glacier man”, Mr. Norphel has designed over 15 artificial glaciers in and around Leh since 1987. In recognition of his pioneering effort, he was conferred the Padma Shri by President Pranab Mukherjee, in 2015.
5. There are few basic steps followed in creating the artificial glacier.
6. River or stream water at higher altitude is diverted to a shaded area of the hill, facing north, where the winter sun is blocked by a ridge or a mountain range. At the start of winter/November, the diverted water is made to flow onto sloping hill face through distribution channels. Stone embankments are built at regular intervals which impede the flow of water, making shallow pools and freeze, forming a cascade of ice along the slope.Ice formation continues for 3-4 months resulting in a large accumulation of ice which is referred to as an “artificial glacier”. (349 words)

1.1 Attempt any eight of the following questions on the basis of the passage you have read (1X8=8Marks)

i. Who was Chewang Norphel?
ii. What kind of land form is Ladakh?
iii. Why have Glaciers been the only source of water for Ladakh?
iv. Why has the pattern of snowfall and rainfall changed?
v. How are Glaciers significant for irrigation?
vi. How do farmers manage to grow two crops instead of one?
vii. In which year did President Pranab Mukherjee confer Padma Shri to Mr. Norphel?
viii. How many months does the ice formation continue for?
ix. Find the word in the paragraph 6 which means the same as ‘gathering’?

Q2.Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Have you ever failed at something so miserably that the thought of attempting to do it again was the last thing you wanted to do?
2. If your answer is yes, then you are “not a robot.” Unlike robots, we human beings have feelings, emotions, and dreams. We are all meant to grow and stretch despite our circumstances and our limitations. Flourishing and trying to make our dreams come true is great when life is going our way. But what happens when it’s not? What happens when you fail despite all of your hard work? Do you stay down and accept the defeat or do you get up again and again until you are satisfied? If you have a tendency to persevere and keep going then you have what experts call, grit.
3. Falling down or failing is one of the most agonizing, embarrassing, and scariest human experiences. But it is also one of the most educational, empowering, and essential parts of living a successful and fulfilling life. Did you know that perseverance (grit) is one of the seven qualities that have been described as the keys to personal success and betterment in society? The other six are: curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence, and zest.Thomas Edison is a model for grit for trying 1,000 plus times to invent the light bulb. If you are reading this with the lights on in your room, you know well he succeeded. When asked why he kept going despite his hundreds of failures, he merely stated that what he had been not failures. They were hundreds of ways not to create a light bulb. This statement not only revealed his grit but also his optimism for looking at the bright side
4. Grit can be learned to help you become more successful. One of the techniques that helps is mindfulness. Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay in the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice has been used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts. Through this simple practice of mindfulness, individuals have the ability to stop the self-sabotaging downward spiral of hopelessness, despair, and frustration.
5. What did you do to overcome the negative and self-sabotaging feelings of failure? Reflect on what you did, and try to use those same powerful resources to help you today.

2.1 On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer any four of the following questions in about 30-40 words each . (2X4=8) :

i. According to the passage, what are the attributes of a human?
ii. What is perceived as grit?
iii. How is ‘failing’ an educational and empowering part of human life?
iv. In what ways can grit be developed?
v. How does mindfulness help?

2.2 On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer any four of the following: (1X4=4)

i. While inventing the light bulb, Thomas Edison had failed____________
a. 1000 times b. 10000 plus times c. 1000 plus times d. 10000 times
ii. Failure is a part of _______ life.
a. normal b. common c. human d. ordinary
iii. In paragraph 2, ____________ means continue.
a. robots b. satisfied c. persevere d. flourishing
iv. In paragraph 3, the synonym of distressing is __________.
a. embarrassing b. scariest c. agonizing d. failing
v. _________ helps in preventing individuals from going down the lines of despair.
a. success b. fear c. doubt d. mindfulness

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(Download) CBSE Class-10 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : English Communicative

Posted: 09 Nov 2017 10:52 PM PST

(Download) CBSE Class-10 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 :

English  Communicative

 SECTION –A: READING (20 Marks)

Q1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Cricket is a global passion, played everywhere from Test match arenas to village greens, tropical beaches and dusty back lots. Cricket is the world's second most popular spectator sport after football.
2. The origin of cricket is somewhere in the Dark Ages. All research concedes that the game derived from a very old, widespread and uncomplicated pastime by which one player served up an object, be it a small piece
of wood or a ball, and another hit it with a suitably fashioned club. Cricket was first recorded in 16th-century England, and it was played in grammar schools, farm communities and everywhere in between. But things really took off when 18th-century nobles realised it was a great sport.
3. The oldest surviving set of cricket laws date from 1744 – printed on a handkerchief, naturally. It's now in the MCC Museum at Lord’s in London. The oldest permanent fixture is the annual Eton v Harrow match,played since 1805. A young Lord Byron turned out for Harrow in the first match, though history doesn't record how poetic – or “mad, bad and dangerous” – his bowling was.
4. The first international match was in 1877 when Australia beat England in Melbourne. The match was dubbed a “Test”, since the gruelling nature of playing over five days was deemed the ultimate “test” for any
side. But it was Australia’s first win on English soil – in 1882 at The Oval in London – that led to matches between the two nations being christened the Ashes. Following the defeat, newspapers published an obituary
mourning “the death of English cricket”, adding that “the body will be cremated and the ashes taken to Australia”.
5. A One Day International (ODI) is a form of limited overs cricket, played between two teams with international status, in which each team faces a fixed number of overs, usually 50. The Cricket World Cup is played in this format. The international one-day game is a late twentieth-century development. The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.    (344words)

1.1 Attempt any eight of the following questions on the basis of the passage you have read.(1X8=8Marks)

i. According to the passage, how did the game of Cricket originate?
ii. Where can we find the oldest sets of Cricket laws?
iii. Which match did Lord Byron play?
iv. When was the first international match played?
v. Which countries played that match?
vi. Why were the matches between Australia and England titled “The Ashes”?
vii. In which format is the Cricket world cup played ?
viii. When did the ODIs begin?
ix. Which word in paragraph no.5 means the same as ‘exhausting’?

Q2.Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Politeness has been well defined as benevolence in trifles. It is the desire to put those whom we meet perfectly at their ease, and save them from every kind of petty discomfort and annoyance. The limited part of benevolence called politeness requires only an inclination to make them happy temporarily,while they are in our presence, and when this can be done without any sacrifice on our part or only with a slight sacrifice of personal comfort.
 2. Politeness is said to be one of the important characteristics of civilised person. Politeness is the art of choosing among your thoughts. It must be implemented in every walk of life. When we deal with people elder to us we are polite. But, an honest polite person is polite with everyone, people of lower status, workers and even children. Not only with humans but also with animals we must be polite as they are our helpers.
3. Politeness is a skill. Like any other skill, you can master it with practice. The greatest enemy of politeness is ego. To be a polite person, you have to sacrifice your ego. It is difficult for an egoist to be polite. You have to imply politeness in your thinking, speech and actions. Actions work more than words. Polite actions will give fine results. Politeness will reduce your stress and boost you to be productive.Apart from your present benefits, you protect your future. Being polite makes you mentally healthy. In our daily life we come across many incidents with people nearby and ourselves.
 4. Different rules of behaviour have to be observed, accordingly as we are in the street or in the drawingroom,at home or at school, in the company of friends or of strangers. There is also to be considered the great diversity of social etiquette which distinguishes one country from another.
 5. Politeness, besides being a duty that we owe to others, is a valuable possession for ourselves. It costs nothing, and yet may in many cases bring much profit. The great advantage of this excellence of conduct
was very clearly expressed by Dr. Johnson, when he said that the difference between a well-bred and an ill- bred man is that one immediately attracts your liking, the other your dislike. (378 words)

2.1 On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer any four of the following questions in about 30-40 words each : (2X4=8)

i. Why is politeness called as limited part of benevolence?
ii. List some of the persons we should be polite to?
iii. Why is it difficult for an egoist to be polite?
iv. What are the benefits of being polite?
v. Which rules of behaviour are to be observed?

2.2 On the basis of your reading of the passage, fill in any two of the following blanks with appropriate words/phrases. (1X2=2)

i. Politeness is an art of choosing_________.
ii. An honest polite person is polite with ___________.
iii. To others, we _____________________.

2.3. Attempt any two of the following. Find out the words that mean the same as under: (1x2 =2)

i. ‘insignificant’ (Paragraph 1)
ii. ‘manners’ (Paragraph 4)
iii. ‘civil’(Paragraph 5)

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(Download) CBSE Class-10 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : Elements of Business

Posted: 09 Nov 2017 05:25 AM PST

(Download) CBSE Class-10 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 :

Elements of Business

Q. No.

Question

Marks

1

Which  of the following is not a feature of personal selling:

a) develop personal relationship with customer b) personal form of communication

c) flexible tool of promotion

d) communicated through some media

1

2

                         are considered as a cushion of security.

a) Equity        b) Debentures     c) Retained Earnings     d) Trade Credit

1

3

Exchange of information between sender and receiver is known as:

a) Directing   b) Controlling    c) Organising    d) Communication

1

4

Centralised control in MNC’s implies control exercised by

a) Headquarters    b) Government    c) Branches  d) Subsidiaries

1

5

Document that is sent by the seller to a potential customer offering to sell goods

or services at a certain price is known as:

a) Debit note     b) Credit note    c) Quotation       d) Accounts Payable

1

6

Debentures are                              type of capital of a company.

a) Fluctuating      b) borrowed     c)Permanent     d) Fixed

1

7

Invoice is prepared by                                          in case of sale of goods

a)   Buyer     b) Seller   c) Bank      d) Lender

1

8

Delhi Cloth Mills (DCM) Store is an example of which of the following:

a) Mail Order House          b) Multiple Shops c) Departmental Stores       d) Super Markets

1

9

The process of communication is incomplete without                   

a) Rumours     b)Feedback    c) Encoding    d) Decoding

1

10

Which of the following is a type of Non- store retailing

a)   Consumer Cooperative Store         b) Selling through internet c)   Franchisee                                       d) Chain stores

1

11

Which of the following is an impersonal form of communication?

a) Advertising       b) Marketing       c) Personal Selling      d) Promotion

1

12

Reliance Jio distributed free sim cards for enhancing its customer base. Which

promotion technique did the company adopt?

a) Contests       b) Sampling         c) Lucky draw       d) Rebate

1

13

                                           is not a feature of a departmental store.

a)   Centralised location          b) Wider Range

c)   Central purchases             d)  Specialised in one line product

1

14

                        is an association of persons formed for carrying out business

activities and has a legal status independent of its members is known as:

a) Joint Hindu  Family                              b) Partnership c) Consumer Cooperative society             d) Company

1

15

Equity shareholders are called

(a) Owners of the company       (b) Partners of the company

(c) Debtors of the company       (d) Creditors of the company

1

16

Signature of a company is known as :

a) Trademark of the company    b) Logo of the company

c) common seal                          d)  signature of the director

1

17

Equity share capital is a permanent source of finance. Explain

3

18

State any three limitations of Mail Order Business.

3

19

Briefly explain Radio as a media of advertising.

3

20

‘Multinational Corporation creates employment in the host country’. Do you

agree with the given statement? Give valid reasons in support of your answer.

3

21

Define Advertising. State any three difference between Advertising and

Personal selling.

4

22

Explain the preferential rights enjoyed by Preference Shareholders over Equity

Shareholders.

4

23

Discuss how a buyer can exercise the methods of ‘purchase by sample’ and

‘purchase by inspection’.

4

24

Discuss the role of sender and receiver in the communication process under a

business organisation.

4

25

‘No business organisation can imagine communication activities without

telephone in the modern times’. Elaborate the given statement in the light of the present day communication methodologies.

4

26

State the steps involved in selling procedure.

4

27

Automatic Vending Machine is a new and innovative way of direct retailing.

In the light of given statement state the advantages of Automatic vending machine.

4

28

State any four features of a multinational corporation.

4

29

Distinguish between public and private company on the basis of the following:

a.   Number of members   b. Prospectus           c. Number of directors d.   Transfer of shares       e. Minimum paid up capital

5

30

Explain any two sources of owner’s fund that can be used for raising finance by

a business organisation.

5

31

‘Video Conferencing has been growing rapidly as a method of communication

for the present day business organisations’. Discuss the advantages of the method in the light of the given statement.

5

32

Discuss briefly the following :

a) Debit Note b) Credit Note

5

33

Write short notes on :-

a.   Email b.   Letter

5

34

Explain the following two methods of purchase of goods:-

a) Instalment Method             b) Hire Purchase Method

5

35

Give any five point of distinction between Departmental and Chain Stores.

5

36

Discuss briefly the following techniques of sales promotion, with suitable

examples:

a) Rebate     b) Discount       c) Refund   d) Contest    e) Lucky Draw

5


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(Download) CBSE Class-10 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 : Elements of Book Keeping and Accountancy

Posted: 09 Nov 2017 04:32 AM PST

(Download) CBSE Class-10 Sample Paper And Marking Scheme 2017-18 :

Elements of Book Keeping and Accountancy

Time allowed: 03 Hours

Maximum Marks: 80

1. Capital Expenditure……………………………. 1
(a) maintains the earning capacity.
(b) helps in running day to day business.
(c) increases the earning capacity of business.
(d) benefits in only one accounting period.

2. Decline in the value of fixed intangible assets is called……….. 1
(a) Amortisation
(b) Depletion
(c) Depreciation
(d) Obsolescence

3. Amortisation is writing off………………. 1
(a) Patents and Copyrights
(b) Patents and Machinery
(c) Patents and Stock
(d) Copyrights and Furniture

4. Bank Reconciliation Statement is prepared by the ……….. 1
(a) Creditor
(b) Businessman
(c) Bank
(d) Debtor

5. Debit balance of Cash Book means…………….. 1
(a) Favourable balance
(b) Unfavourable balance
(c) Overdraft
(d) Negative balance

6. Drawer in a bill of exchange is a person…………… 1
(a) who draws a bill
(b) who accepts a bill
(c) who makes the payment
(d) who receives the payment

7. Balance Sheet shows…………… 1
(a) Profit or Loss
(b) Financial Position
(c) Errors of Accounts
(d) Total Debtors

8. Trading and Profit & Loss Account is prepared……………….. 1
(a) at the end of the calendar year
(b) at the beginning of the accounting year
(c) on every Diwali
(d) at the end of the accounting year

9. Which of the following is correct about Single Entry System: 1
(a) Simple Method
(b) Difficult Method
(c) Expensive Method
(d) Both difficult and expensive method

10. Single Entry System is a…………….. 1
(a) Complete System
(b) Incomplete System
(c) Hybrid System
(d) Difficult System

11. What is meant by a bill of exchange? 2
12. R & Company purchased a machine for Rs. 80,000 and spends Rs. 20,000 for its installation. For the first year, the firm charges depreciation Rs. 10,000 on it. Record the necessary Journal entries. 2
13. What is meant by Bank Reconciliation Statement? 2
14. What does the credit balance of Cash Book imply? 2
15. Calculate Cost of Goods sold from the following information: 2
                                                         Rs.
 Sales                                           1,25,000
 Purchases                                   75,000
 Wages                                         8,000
 Gross Profit                                 42,000

16. State any two limitations of incomplete records. 2
17. Give any three examples of Revenue Expenditure. 3
18. Explain the ‘Fixed Installment Method’ of charging depreciation. 3
19. What is meant by Deferred Revenue Expenditure? Give one example. 3
20. Give any two differences between ‘Trading Account’ and ‘Profit & Loss Account’. 3
21. Calculate Closing Capital:

                                                     Rs.
 Opening Capital                    3,40,000
 Profit for the year                 2,40,000
 Drawings                               1,40,000
 During the year proprietor sold ornaments of his wife for Rs. 40,000 and invested the same in the business. 3

22. Give any three differences between ‘Statement of Affairs’ and ‘Balance Sheet’. 3
23. Dutta & Sons acquired a machine for Rs. 90,000 on October 1, 2014. Rs. 10,000 was spent on its installation. The firm charges depreciation @ 10 % on original cost every year. Calculate the amount of depreciation to be charged every year and prepare Machine Account for the first three years. The firm closes its books on March 31 every year. 4
24. State any four causes of difference of bank balance as shown by Cash Book and Pass Book. 4
25. State any four uses of incomplete records to businessmen.  

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